• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method for making brushes wherein tuft receiving holes (11) are drilled in a brush body (9) and / or bristle tufts are inserted into tuft receiving holes (11) of a brush body. brush (9), a machining tool (7) is driven at a predefined or predefinable rotational speed during a first measurement pass. Vibrations occurring on the brush making machine (1) during drilling or insertion are measured at several machining locations (13) and the measured values are compared with maximum permissible values.
    公开号:BE1022135B1
    申请号:E2013/0834
    申请日:2013-12-12
    公开日:2016-02-19
    发明作者:Thomas Merten；Sven Zeiher
    申请人:Zahoransky Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a method for producing brushes in which tuft receiving holes are drilled into a brush body and / or tufts of bristles are inserted into receiving holes. tuft of a brush body. The invention also relates to a machine for manufacturing brushes comprising at least one drilling tool and / or an insertion tool as a machining tool and a support and positioning device for positioning a brush body to be machined in front of said less a machining tool.
    In order to make as many brushes as possible per unit of time, the rotational speed of a brush making machine can be increased. The possible number of drilling and inserting operations per minute is defined as the speed of rotation of the machine. A rotation speed of 500 rpm means that 500 tufts receiving holes can be drilled or filled per minute.
    Higher rotational speeds, however, also mean greater vibrations of the brush making machine. These vibrations can, when they are too large, lead to enlarged tuft receiving holes or even oblong holes during drilling. There may even be breakage of the drill due to forces acting laterally. Upon insertion, too large vibrations may result in anchoring not taking place in the center of the tuft receiving hole, with the possible consequence of breaking the insertion tab or the tuft of hair. It is also possible that the tufts of hair are inserted in the receiving hole of tuft concerned but have a pulling force too small, which we only realize after the production process, hence the risk to produce too large quantities of missed pieces.
    The possible rotational speed is also determined by the number and arrangement of the bristle area of the brush to be made. For brushes having tufts of bristles or tuft receiving holes which are very close to each other and do not show angular offset with respect to each other, the speed of rotation of the brush making machine can be very high, since the positioning of the brush body to be machined requires little time. With larger gaps between orifices and / or angular offset between individual tuft receiving holes, a corresponding time is required to position the brush body in front of the piercing tool or insertion tool, which is why the speed of rotation must be reduced. The positioning of the brush body, however, also causes vibrations so that the rotation speed must, taking into account a safety factor, be reduced until the vibrations are sufficiently damped during drilling or insertion.
    In addition, there are resonance ranges that can occur when changing parts, for example when changing parts for brush positioning to machine different brush bodies, in different rotational speed ranges. At present, it is only possible to reduce the rotation speed for the entire machining cycle of a brush with a corresponding safety factor, which greatly reduces the speed of production. Different speeds can be manually set in individual machining parts, which however takes a lot of time.
    The aim is therefore to provide a method and a device of the type mentioned at the beginning with which a higher production speed is possible and with which the quality of the manufactured brushes is nonetheless guaranteed.
    With regard to the method, this object is achieved according to the invention because during a first measuring pass, a machining tool is driven at a predefined or predefined rotational speed, that vibrations occurring on the manufacturing machine. of brushes during drilling or insertion are measured at several machining locations, that the measured values are compared to maximum permissible values, only when exceeding the maximum values at a machining location , the rotational speed of the machining tool is reduced when a next measurement run is made at the machining point or when the maximum values are exceeded at a machining point , the speed of rotation of the machining tool is increased during a new next measurement run at the machining point in question, that the rotational speed values modified at the different machining locations are set to memory, as many measurement passes as necessary are made until the maximum values are exceeded from below at all measured machining locations and after the measurement passes, production runs are made with the values of rotational speeds determined and stored during the measurement passes.
    This achieves the maximum possible ideal rotation speed in each region of the brush. When a new brush model is to be manufactured, the optimal rotational speed in the different regions of the brush body can be determined during the measuring passes by measuring vibrations during machining, thus drilling or insertion, and adapting the speed of rotation accordingly. If too much vibration occurs at the originally set rotation speed, the rotation speed is reduced during the next measurement run, which also reduces vibration. If the vibrations that occur are less than the maximum allowable value, the rotation speed can even be increased. When the maximum permissible vibration value in all regions is exceeded, the production passes are made with the rotational speed values previously determined. After the measuring passes, a safe brush production with the required quality requirements is guaranteed.
    A virtual pass may possibly be performed in a simulation before the first measurement pass. This can be used so that there is no overshoot of the maximum speeds of the brush positioning.
    The method according to the invention can be used on machines for making brushes that have at least one insertion tool or a drilling tool as a machining tool. Use on brush making machines comprising a combination of insertion tools and drilling tools is also possible.
    It is also possible to make a measurement pass on more than one brush body when several brush bodies are machined one after the other during a machining cycle, for example when two brush bodies are supported. next to each other on a brush holder are machined one after the other without changing the brush body.
    The determination of the optimum rotational speed values can take place in particular by iterative modification of the rotational speed values during several measuring passes.
    The first measuring pass can be made at the maximum permissible rotation speed in question. This makes it possible to quickly approach the optimal rotational speed variation.
    Alternatively, the first measurement run may be performed at a rotational speed which is less than the maximum permissible rotational speed in question. Starting at a lower rotational speed, which is increased iteratively during subsequent measurement runs until the maximum allowable vibration value is found or approximately reached at the different measurement locations, it is certain that the values of permissible vibrations are also not exceeded from the top during measurement runs. Brushes machined during measurement runs can also slip into production and should not be eliminated as missed parts. Starting at a rotational speed which is between the maximum rotational speed in question and a safer rotational speed value is also possible. The rotation speed is corrected up or down at a measuring point if necessary. Fewer measurement passes are required to achieve an ideal rotational speed variation.
    The vibrations are preferably measured by means of sensors.
    Alternatively, the vibrations can also be measured indirectly by measuring the motor current of the machining tool. The higher the vibrations that occur, the greater the stress on the machining tool and, consequently, the higher the motor current of the machining tool involved.
    To prevent damage to the sensors and / or cable connections required for the sensors during production operation, the sensors can be removed after the measurement runs.
    Depending on the type and configuration of the bristle area of the brush to be made, it may be sufficient to make measurements in the bristle area at selected locations and to make changes in rotational speed or repeat the rotational speed change at a measuring point for subsequent machining locations. To achieve a rotation speed variation optimally adapted in all regions, it is however appropriate to record a measured value at each machining location. Since the vibrations that occur remain the same for identical brushes, the modified rotational speed values can be stored for frequently made brushes and can be called as needed. For example, after the production of a first type of brush and the intermediate production of another type of brush on the same machine for making brushes, no new measuring pass is necessary for production. the first type of brush and the production passes can start immediately. On the one hand, it saves time for measuring passes and, on the other hand, there is no waste.
    It is also possible to use rotational speed variations stored as a basis for modified production, for example when the same brush model with respect to the bristle area is used on one brush body in another. material, for example wood instead of plastic or in different types of wood. The vibratory behavior changes in the presence of different brush body materials so that rotational speed variations must be adapted to these changing conditions.
    With regard to the brush-making machine, the invention is characterized in that at least one sensor is provided for recording the vibrations that occur on the brush-making machine at several machining points of the tool. in that said at least one sensor is connected to a control unit which has an arithmetic unit for comparing the measurement values of the sensor to a maximum allowable value, a rotational speed controller for adjusting the rotational speed of the sensor. the machining tool according to the measured values and a memory unit for storing the set rotational speed values and the maximum value.
    This results in the advantages already mentioned in the description of the process according to the invention. During one or more measuring passes, the vibrations that occur are first determined, then compared to maximum permissible values and the rotational speed of the machine is adjusted accordingly. The modified rotational speed values are stored in a memory unit. When the maximum allowable vibration value is not exceeded from above during the entire machining process, production runs can begin. Adapting the rotational speed values to values that allow vibrations to occur within the allowable range makes reliable production possible at the highest possible speed.
    Said at least one sensor may in particular be an acceleration sensor, a speed sensor or a distance sensor. The vibrations can thus be determined by means of the movement of the parts of the machine on which the sensor in question is applied, or else by the change of distance of this part with respect to a neighboring part of the machine.
    To measure vibration along several axes, several differently oriented sensors may be provided at a measurement location to measure vibrations in different directions of motion.
    However, it is also possible that said at least one sensor is a multi-axis sensor. It is thus possible to measure vibrations in two or three axes with a single sensor. This requires less space and the connection of the sensors is simplified.
    Alternatively, said at least one sensor may also be designed to measure the current of the drive motor of the machining tool. The stronger the vibrations, the more the machining tool is subjected to stress and thus the motor current of the machining tool increases with the increasing vibrations so that it is possible to determine the intensity of the vibrations. from the motor current.
    A preferred embodiment provides that the brush making machine has a plurality of insertion tools and / or a plurality of drilling tools as machining tools. High production speed can be achieved with a single brush making machine especially with a combination of several drilling tools and several insertion tools.
    It is appropriate that the memory unit be designed for the permanent storage of rotational speed values and that the control unit be designed to call the stored values. Thus to produce brushes of a model already manufactured previously, no measuring pass should no longer be performed and it is possible to start the production passes directly, since the variation of optimized rotational speed can be extracted from the memory unit. To call stored rotational speed variations, the control unit may have an interface unit, in particular with a display and a keyboard.
    It is advantageous that said at least one sensor is disposed in the region of the support and positioning device and / or in the region of the clamping device for a brush body. It is in these places that appear the strongest and most important vibrations as regards the optimization of the speed of rotation so that a particularly good and fast optimization of the speed of rotation can take place.
    It may be appropriate for said at least one sensor to be removably applied to the measurement location concerned. The sensor can be removed after the measurement runs to avoid damage to the sensor and associated cable connections during production runs.
    Depending on the brush model, it may be sufficient to measure vibration only at different machining locations in the orifice area. Optimum variation of the rotational speed values, however, can be obtained when the control unit is designed to measure vibrations and adjust the rotational speed values at each tuft receiving port of a brush body to be manufactured. . The control unit can also be designed to immobilize the brush-making machine or to trigger a signal transmitter when the maximum permissible value for the sensor measurement values is exceeded from above during a production run. of the brush making machine. Since a broken drill bit or damaged push tab of an insertion tool causes other vibrations than an intact machining tool, damage can also be recognized by measuring vibrations during production passes. By immobilizing the brush making machine or at least triggering a corresponding signal, production of missed pieces or other damage to the brush making machine can be avoided.
    The machining tools can be arranged horizontally or vertically on the brush making machine.
    The method according to the invention as well as an embodiment of the brush-making machine according to the invention are explained in more detail below on the basis of the drawings.
    It is shown schematically in FIG. 1 in fig. A brush making machine having a plurality of machining tools and brush bodies disposed thereon at different locations and retained in a support and positioning device; fig. 4 a detailed representation of a brush body retained in the support and positioning device according to Figure 1, FIG. 5 a pierced brush body, FIG. 6a in FIG. 6g characteristic curve curves for several measurement passes at the start of machining to a maximum rotational speed value, FIG. 7a in FIG. 7g characteristic curves curves during several measurement passes at the beginning of the machining at a reduced speed value.
    A machine for manufacturing brushes designated in its entirety by 1 has, according to Figures 1 to 3, a machine frame 2 which rests on adjustment feet 3 on the floor 4.
    The brush making machine 1 has three drilling tools 5 and two insertion tools 6 as machining tools 7 which are respectively arranged alternately next to each other.
    A support and positioning device 8, which is shown only schematically, is provided for the brush bodies 9 to be machined below the machining tools 7. The individual brush bodies 9 are respectively retained in a device 10 of the brush (FIG. 4) and can be positioned by means of the support and positioning device 8 in front of one of the machining tools 7. The support and positioning device 8 serves on the one hand to move a brush body 9 of a drilling tool 5 to an insertion tool 6 and secondly to position a brush body 9 at the respective machining tool 7 to bring one after the other every locations of drilling or insertion on the brush body 9 in front of the machining tool 7 concerned so that the individual tuft receiving holes 11 (Figure 5) can be drilled and then a tuft of hair can be inserted into each of the holes of To this end, the brush clamps 10 are mounted on the one hand in a linearly displaceable manner in the three planes and on the other hand in a tilting manner in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction. Due to the arrangement of the piercing tools 5 and the insertion tools 6, a previously pierced brush body 9 can be empoilé by moving all the brush clamps 10 from one position to the left or to the other. right, a brush body 9 previously empoilé can be removed and replaced by a new brush body 9 which will be positioned during the next work cycle in front of one of the drilling tools 5 for piercing the tuft receiving holes 11. In the figures 1 to 3, a pierced brush body 9 is shown in front of a piercing tool 5 and a brush body 9 placed in front of an insertion tool 6. The brush bodies 9 each further have a recess 14 (FIG. 5) to apply a not shown brush handle.
    Several sensors 12 are arranged on the brush machine 1 according to FIGS. 1 to 3. The sensors 12 are arranged on the machine frame 2, on the support and positioning device 8 as well as on the clamping devices 10 of FIG. brush. The vibrations occurring during the machining of the brush bodies 9 can be measured with these sensors 12. The sensors 12 are connected to a not shown control unit which has an arithmetic unit for comparing the measurement values of the sensor 12 with a maximum value permissible, a rotational speed controller for setting the rotational speed of the machining tools 7 according to the measured values and a memory unit for storing the set rotational speed values and the maximum value.
    Vibrations which, when they are too strong, can lead to damage to the drilling tools 5 and the insertion tools 6 as well as to the production of missing parts occur during drilling and insertion. By reducing the speed of rotation of the machine, it is also possible to reduce vibrations. Since the speed of production decreases as the speed of rotation of the machine decreases and the vibrations that occur may differ according to the positioning of the brush body 9, so at each location of drilling or insertion, a measurement of the values The vibration must take place at each machining location to optimize the value of the rotation speed each time. For this purpose, a machining tool 7 is driven at a predefined or predefined rotational speed during a first measurement run. The vibrations that occur on the brush making machine 1 during drilling and / or insertion at each machining location are measured and the measured values are compared to maximum allowable values. When exceeding the maximum values at a machining location, the speed of rotation of the machining tools 7 is reduced when a next new measurement pass is made to the machining area concerned or during a subsequent machining step. exceeding the maximum values at a machining point, the speed of rotation of the machining tool 7 is increased during a new next measurement run at the respective machining location.
    The respective rotational speed values at the different machining locations are stored. As many measurement passes as necessary are performed until all the maximum values are exceeded from below at all measured machining locations. After the measuring passes, the production runs can then be performed with the rotational speed values determined during the measurement passes and stored.
    Iterative approaches to an optimized rotational speed variation are shown in the diagrams according to Figure 6a to 6g and 7a to 7g. The speed of rotation n is represented during the time t.
    According to FIG. 6a, a first measuring pass is made at the maximum permissible rotational speed nmax for the brush making machine 1 and its machining tools 7. The vibrations actually occurring are measured at each measuring point 13, ideally at each tuft receiving aperture 11. If the vibrations are too large, which is determined by a comparison with maximum allowable values, the rotational speed is reduced by a predetermined, predefined or predefined value, at the same time. next measurement pass (Fig. 6b) at this measurement point. If the vibrations at the relevant measuring point are still too large during this second measuring pass, the rotation speed is reduced again (Figure 6c). These measurement passes are repeated (Figures 6a to 6g) until the maximum permissible vibration values are exceeded from below at all measurement points.
    The rotational speed values thus determined, which are shown by way of example on the characteristic curve according to FIG. 6g, are used during subsequent production runs to achieve an optimized machining speed at which damage to the machining tools 7 or the production of missing parts due to excessive vibrations are safely avoided.
    The rotational speed variations thus determined can also be stored permanently so that subsequent machining of brushes of the same type can take place without further measurement passes.
    During the measuring passes according to FIGS. 7a to 7g, the starting rotational speed is below the maximum rotational speed nmax. The rotational speed values at the different measurement points 13 are iteratively increased as a function of the vibrations that occur until the vibrations reach the maximum allowable value or reach it approximately. An advantage over the approach of the maximum rotational speed value nmax, as shown in FIG. 6a to 6g, that the brush bodies machined at the beginning of the measuring passes can be integrated into the production, since the vibration values that occur are certainly below the maximum permissible values.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    A method of making brushes wherein tuft receiving holes (11) are drilled in a brush body (9) and / or tufts of bristles are inserted into the tuft receiving orifices (11) of a brush body (9), characterized in that, during a first measuring pass, a machining tool (7) is driven at a predefined or predefined rotational speed (n), in that during this time, vibrations occurring on the brush-making machine (1) during drilling or insertion are measured at a plurality of machining locations (13), in that the measured values are compared to maximum permissible values, in that when exceeding the maximum values at a machining point (13), the rotation speed (n) of the machining tool (7) is reduced during a new measurement run following the machining location (13) in question or when exceeding the maximum values n machining location (13), the rotation speed (n) of the machining tool (7) is increased during a next new measurement run at the machining location (13) in question, in that the respective modified rotational speed values at the various machining locations (13) are stored in memory, in that as many measurement passes as necessary are performed until the maximum values are exceeded by the low at all machining locations (13) measured and that after the measuring passes, production runs can be made with the rotational speed values determined during the measuring passes and stored.
    [2]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibrations are measured by means of sensors (12).
    [3]
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vibrations are measured indirectly by measuring the motor current of the machining tool (7).
    [4]
    4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sensors (12) are disassembled after the measurement passes.
    [5]
    5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the modification of the rotational speed values takes place iteratively during several measurement passes.
    [6]
    6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first measurement pass is performed at the maximum allowable rotational speed (nmax) in question.
    [7]
    7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first measurement pass is performed at a rotational speed which is less than the maximum permissible rotational speed (nmax) in question.
    [8]
    8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a measurement value is recorded at each machining location (13).
    [9]
    9. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the modified rotational speed values are stored permanently and are called as needed.
    [10]
    Brush making machine (1) comprising at least one piercing tool (5) and / or an insertion tool (6) as a machining tool (7) and a support and positioning device (8) for positioning a brush body (9) to be machined in front of said at least one machining tool (7), characterized in that said at least one sensor (12) is provided to detect vibrations occurring on the brush making machine (1) at several machining locations (13) of the machining tool (7), in that said at least one sensor (12) is connected to a control unit which has an arithmetic unit for comparing the values for measuring the sensor (12) to a maximum allowable value, a rotational speed controller for adjusting the rotational speed (n) of the machining tool (7) according to the measured values and a memory unit for store the rotational speed values set as well as the maximum value.
    [11]
    11. Brush making machine according to claim 10, characterized in that said at least one sensor (12) is an acceleration sensor, a speed sensor or a distance sensor.
    [12]
    12. Machine for manufacturing brushes according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that said at least one sensor (12) is a multi-axis sensor.
    [13]
    Brush making machine according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that a plurality of differently oriented sensors (12) are provided at a measuring point for measuring vibrations in different directions of movement.
    [14]
    Brush making machine according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that said at least one sensor (12) is designed to measure the current of the driving motor of the machining tool (7). ).
    [15]
    Brush making machine according to one of Claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the brush-making machine (1) has a plurality of insertion tools (6) and / or a plurality of drilling tools ( 5) as machining tools (7).
    [16]
    Brush making machine according to one of Claims 10 to 15, characterized in that the memory unit is designed to permanently store the rotational speed values and in that the control unit is designed to call the stored values.
    [17]
    Brush making machine according to one of claims 10 to 16, characterized in that said at least one sensor (12) is arranged in the region of the support and positioning device (8) and / or in the region of the clamping device (10) for a brush body (9).
    [18]
    18. Brush making machine according to any one of claims 10 to 17, characterized in that said at least one sensor (12) can be removably applied to the measurement location concerned.
    [19]
    Brush making machine according to one of Claims 10 to 18, characterized in that the control unit is designed to measure the vibrations and to adjust the rotational speed values at each tuft receiving orifice. (11) a brush body (9) to be machined.
    [20]
    Brush making machine according to one of Claims 10 to 19, characterized in that the control unit is designed to immobilize the brush-making machine (1) or to trigger a signal transmitter when passing over. from the top of the maximum permissible value for the measured values of the sensor during a production run of the brush machine (1).
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    同族专利:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE201210024558|DE102012024558A1|2012-12-15|2012-12-15|Method for manufacturing brush, involves storing modified rotation speed values at individual working positions such that production-throughputs are carried-out during measuring-throughput based on determined and stored speed values|
    DE120245580|2012-12-15|
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